Comprehending a perpetrator's motivations is a complex and essential/critical/pivotal aspect of crime investigation/law enforcement/criminal justice. It involves analyzing the factors/influences/motivations that drive an individual to commit/carry out/engage in unlawful acts. This can include psychological, sociological, and environmental aspects,

A crime is not merely an act. To be deemed criminal, it must encompass both the physical action known as actus reus and the mental state called mens rea. Actus reus refers to the criminal deed itself. It consists of any voluntary movement or omission that violates a criminal law. Mens rea, on the other hand, is the mental state behind the conduct.